前言:想要寫出一篇令人眼前一亮的文章嗎?我們特意為您整理了5篇新目標英語八年級上冊范文,相信會為您的寫作帶來幫助,發現更多的寫作思路和靈感。
三班走讀班,學生總體的基礎明顯的參差不齊有,十來個學生根本沒有學習目標,完全放棄學習,但學生的紀律總體還是不錯,這樣為學生的學習打下良好的基礎。六班是寄讀班,學生總體的學習情況較好,大部分的學生有明確的學習目標,有一定的自覺性,但學生的紀律不夠好,這成了班級英語成績的總體提高的攔路虎。還有兩個班級學生整體的惰性還夠好是很強,自覺性較差。
另外,學生在情感態度學習策略方面還存在諸多需要進一步解決的問題。例如:很多學生不能明確學習英語的目的,沒有真正認識到學習英語的本文來自小草外加兩個復習單元。本教材各單元話題靈活,貼近生活實際。
三、本學期的教學重點和難點本學期的重點將繼承學習詞匯和習慣用語,學習的一些語法知識點有:頻率副詞、詢問情況、方式狀語、提出邀請、形容詞比較級、最高級等。其中狀語從句和形容詞是本冊的難點,將重點學習。
四、提高教學質量的可行措施及教改措施
1、多聽課,特殊學校組織外出聽課,更要虛心學習
2、認真鉆研教材,提高自己駕馭教材的能力
3、準確引導尖子生,抓好中等生,輔導好學困生
4、作業做到全批全改,發現問題及時反潰或單獨輔導
5、認真備課,認真上課,盡量提高四十五分鐘的效率
6. 天天背誦課文中的對話。目的:要求學生背誦并默寫,培養語感。
7. 天天記5個生詞,2個常用句子或習語。實施:利用“互測及教師抽查”及時檢查,保證效果并堅持下去。
8. 認真貫徹晨讀制度:規定晨讀內容,加強監督,保證晨讀效果。
9. 堅持日測、周測、月測的形成性評價制度:對英語學習實行量化制度,每日、每周、每月都要給學生檢驗自己努力成果的機會,讓進步的同學體會到成就感,讓落后的同學找出差距,感受壓力。由此在班里形成濃厚的學習氛圍,培養學生健康向上的人格和競爭意識。
10. 對后進生進行專門輔導,布置單獨的作業,讓他們在小進步、小轉變中體味學習的快樂,樹立學習的自信,盡快成長起來。11. 關注學生的情感,營造寬松、民主、和諧的教學氛圍。
12. 實施"任務型"的教學途徑,培養學生綜合語言運用能力
13. 在教學中根據目標并結合教學內容,創造性地設計貼近學生實際的教學活動,吸引和組織他們積極參與。學生通過思索、調查、討論、交流和合作等方式,學習和使用英語,完成學習任務。
14.加強對學生學習策略的指導,為他們終身學習奠定基礎。
15. 要充分利用現代教育技術,利用計算機和多媒體教學軟件,探索新的教學模式,開發英語教學資源,拓寬學生學習渠道,改進學生學習方式,提高教學質量。
五、崗位練功和繼承教育
1、在教學中留意自己鋼筆字和粉筆字的訓練
2、多讀書,在讀書做筆記時要做到不是為了完全成學校的任務而讀而記,要從中學到真天正適應自己提高的知識
3、在寫教學反思,教學筆記、教學案例中發現自己的不足,從而有所提高
4、認真備好每一節課,至少每周備出一節象講匯報課一樣的課,加強自己的業務學習和自身素質的全面提高。
六、本學期的研究課題
為了減輕學生的課業負擔,并且讓學生在升入二年級后也仍對英語有愛好,特定本學期的教研課題為《向四十五分鐘要成績》。
詳細方案如下:
1、重視方法的指導,在單詞方面改變學生以前的背詞方法,盡量讓學生在課堂上把握。
2、學習對話時,多想辦法為學生創設情竟,以便把握。
3、課堂教學要留意情感教育,讓學生感受到老師對他們的重視,因此將學生的全部留意力集中到課堂學習中。4、有些知識點必須在課堂上檢查,以便學生課后能準確完成作業,達到鞏固的目的。
5 將學生分成小組,在課堂上有些老師發現不了的問題,讓小組中的尖子生充當老師的角色,以幫助老師解決問題。
七、課程安排及教學進度:
第一周-第三周:開學初模仿考及教學預備工作
第四面—第六周:unit 3-unit 4 階段性檢測
第五周:國慶節假期
第七周—第八周:unit 5-unit 6 階段性檢測
第九周:review unit 1-unit 6 期中復習階段
第十周 :mid-exam of unit 1-unit 6 迎接期中考試
第十一周—第十二周:unit 7-unit 8 階段性檢測
每十三周—第十五周:unit 9-unit 10 階段性檢測第十八周—第十九周:review unit 7-unit 12 復習迎接期末考試
I. 聽力部分(20分)
聽句子,找出與所聽句子內容相符的圖片,句子讀一遍。(5分)
1. ______ 2. ______ 3. ______ 4. ______ 5. ______
情景反應。根據你所聽到的對話內容選擇正確答案。對話讀一遍。(5分)
()6. What’s the matter with Bob?
A. He has a sore throat. B. He has a headache. C. He has a sore back.
()7. What should the man do?
A. He should drink some water. B. He should see a doctor.
C. He should lie down and have a rest.
()8. What should the boy do first?
A. He should have ice cream. B. He should drink some water.
C. He should have some fruits.
()9. What’s the matter with Alice’s father?
A. He has a bad stomachache. B. He is fine. C. He has a sore back.
()10. Where are the two speakers?
A. In a bookshop. B. In a hospital. C. In a library.
對話理解。根據對話內容選擇正確答案。對話讀兩遍。(5分)
()11. What’s the matter with Maria?
A. She has a toothache. B. She has a cold. C. She is in good health.
()12. What should Maria do?
A. She should have something to drink. B. She should finish her homework.
C. She should lie down and rest.
()13. What does Maria want to do now?
A. She wants to finish her homework. B. She wants to have a rest.
C. She wants to go to see the dentist.
()14. Does Maria want to miss any lessons?
A. Yes, she does. B. No, she doesn’t. C. Yes, she doesn’t.
()15. What can health help Maria?
A. It can help Maria study better. B. It can help Maria do her homework.
C. It can help Maria have a rest.
聽短文,根據短文內容判斷正(T)誤(F)。短文讀兩遍。(5分)
()16. What day is it today?
A. Monday. B. Tuesday. C. Thursday.
( )17. Why did Jim stay in bed in the morning?
A. Because he didn’t want to go to school. B. Because he had a sore throat.
C. Because he had no lessons.
( )18. Who’s the doctor?
A. Mrs. Green. B. Mrs. Brown. C. Mr. Green.
( )19. What did the doctor say?
A. She said that Jim had a toothache. B. She said that Jim had a backache.
C. She said that Jim had a bad cold.
( )20. What should Jim do?
A. He should lie down and have a rest. B. He should go to school.
C. He should see a dentist.
筆試部分(80分)
Ⅱ. 單項選擇。(15分)
()21. ―What’s the ______?
―I have a headache.
A. mistake B. the illness C. matter D. thing
()22. ―Mother, I have a sore throat. ―You ______ drink a lot of water and go to bed.
A. may B. can C. will D. should
()23. ―Mr. Zhang, I didn’t come to school thismorning because I didn’t feel very ______.
―Sorry to hear that. Are you feeling better now?
A. well B. good C. bad D. better
()24. ―Would you like to go for a walk? ―______.
A. No, I wouldn’t B. Yes, I would C. Yes, I do D. Yes, I’d love to
()25. ―When will you be back?
―The meeting will last for three hours. I can’t come back ______ six o’clock. Don’t wait for me for supper.
A. after B. at C. until D. when
()26. ―You don’t look well. Did you see the doctor?
―Yes. The doctor asked me to ______ some medicine.
A. eat B. drink C. get D. take
()27. ―Does he study hard? ―Sure. He sometimes studies late ______ 2 am.
A. at B. in C. until D. on
()28. He ______ stay at home and look after his mother yesterday.
A. needed to B. must C. have to D. has to
()29. ―What a bad day! I have so much work to do every day.
―You’d better not work too hard. It’s good for you to take some ______, I think.
A. health B. exercise C. lesson D. work
()30. Your body temperature is 39℃. You ______.
A. have a cold B. have a headache C. have a fever D. have a sore throat
Ⅲ. 完形填空。(10分)
Miss Read was very heavy. She weighed 100 kg, and she got____31____every month, so she went to see____32____. The doctor said, “You____33____to be on diet(節食), Miss Read. Here’s a good way.” He gave her a small book and said, “____34____it carefully and eat the things on Page 11 every day. Then come back and____35____me in two weeks.”
Miss Read came back again two weeks____36____. But she wasn’t thinner. She was____37____heavier. The doctor was surprised and said, “Didn’t you eat the things on Page 11 of the small book?”“Yes, doctor,” she answered.
The next day____38____visited Miss Read in the afternoon. She was very surprised to see him.
“Miss Read,” he said, “Why are you eating potatoes and bread? You are on____39____.”
“But doctor,” Miss Read answered, “I will eat my diet____40____lunch time. This is my snack(零食).”
()31. A. heavier B. thinner C. happier D. stronger
()32. A. her husband B. the doctor C. the dentist D. a film
()33. A. want B. like C. wish D. have
()34. A. See B. Read C. Watch D. Find
()35. A. gave B. watch C. see D. visited
()36. A. ago B. before C. after D. later
()37. A. even B. ever C. never D. bit
()38. A. her parents B. her friend C. the doctor D. her husband
()39. A. diet B. TV C. fire D. duty
()40. A. at B. in C. on D. about
Ⅳ. 閱讀理解。(30分)
A
Everybody wants to be healthy. Everybody knows food is very important. There are many healthy foods. You can have more bananas, apples, oranges, tomatoes and lettuce because fruits and vegetables are good for you. But don’t eat too much chocolate. It’s not healthy food. Healthy food can make you strong and happy. Remember there is an old saying, “An apple a day keeps a doctor away.” Sports can also keep you healthy. Get up early and do sports every day. Don’t be lazy! You will be healthy and happy.
()41. Which of the following is right?
A. Everybody is healthy. B. We want to be healthy.
C. We are important. D. Only food can keep us healthy.
()42. What are healthy foods?
A. Fruits and vegetables. B. Bananas, apples and chocolate.
C. Fruits and chocolate. D. Chocolate.
()43. Why are healthy foods good for you?
A. They make you happy. B. They make you grow strong.
C. They make you strong and happy. D. They are delicious.
()44. What is the meaning of the sentence“An apple a day keeps a doctor away!”?
A. The doctor goes away when he sees an apple.
B. The doctor runs away when you give him an apple.
C. You eat an apple every day and you can be healthy.
D. You eat an apple every day and you can be a doctor.
()45. What can keep you healthy?
A. Only doctor.B. Both healthy food and sports. C. Only healthy food.D. Only sports.
B
Mr. Baker was a strong man. He was a good football player and spent a lot of time on the game when he studied in a medical college(醫學院). But his right leg was broken when he was playing football with his friends. He couldn’t play football any longer. He was sorry for it and liked to watch the game.
Now the young man worked in a hospital. He was a good dentist and many patients(病人) asked him for help. He was always busy and had little time to watch the matches. He had to watch them on TV at home in the evening. But the biggest football match in their city would start at four one afternoon. Mr. Baker hoped to watch it, but the head of the hospital didn’t agree.
“You won’t go to the playground until all the patients in your office leave,” said the old doctor.
It was a quarter past three when there were about ten patients in the waiting-room. Mr. Baker was worried. He thought for a moment and had an idea. He said to a girl who was lying on the dental(牙科的) chair, “Cry loudly, madam! I’ll pull your bad tooth out free (免費地) if you frighten the other patients away!”
()46. Mr. Baker spent a lot of time in playing football because ________.
A. he was strong B. he had enough time C. he was a student D. he liked the game
()47. Mr. Baker stopped playing football ________.
A. after he left the medical college B. after his right leg was broken in the accident
C. after he became a good dentist D. after he worked in the city
()48. That afternoon Mr. Baker was worried because ________.
A. he was afraid to miss the football match B. something was wrong with him
C. he had no time to have a rest D. his television didn’t work
()49. The head of the hospital told Mr. Baker ________.
A. to stay in his office till six o’clock B. to frighten all the patients away
C. to watch the match if he treated all his patients
D. not to go to watch the football match
()50. Which of the following is true?
A. Mr. Baker wanted the girl to frighten the other patients away.
B. Mr. Baker was ready to pull the girl’s bad tooth out.
C. Mr. Baker wasn’t friendly to his patients.
D. Mr. Baker wanted to leave the hospital for ever.
Ⅴ. 閱讀理解填詞(10分)
Dear Mum,
I am pretty well here.
I go to school every day. I usually study in the evening.Sometimes I watch TV or l______(51) to CDs. On w______(52) I often go to the movies with my friends or go skateboarding. I really love this game, a______(53) I’d known nothing about it before I came to America.
I often c______(54). I’m a good cook and I like eating. Of course I miss those d______(55)dishes made by you. My s______(56) can enjoy hamburgers and French fries as well. Don’t worry! I know they are j______(57) food. So I try to eat them o______(58) once a week. I often eat fruit and vegetables. They are good for my health. I am healthy and I h______(59) ever go to see a doctor. I can look a______(60) myself.
How I miss you and Dad!
Yours,
Jenny
Ⅵ. 書面表達(15分)
假如你是Katrina, 你的朋友Jack病了,頭痛且發燒,所以這次考試沒有考好。請你寫一封信安慰他,叫他不要著急,并讓他去看醫生,多喝水,好好休息,病好后努力學習,爭取下次取得好成績。要求:50詞左右。
_______________________________________________________________
直觀導人法是指通過具體的實物、圖片、簡筆畫等教學手段導入新課。這種直觀的手段比語言描述更為清晰明了,更容易激起學生的好奇心。例如,我在教學新目標go for it八年級上冊第七單元how do you make a banana milk shake時,準備了榨汁機、小刀、桔子、塑料杯等圖片,教學blender,turn on,turn off等,接下來談論:I know milk shake is very delicious,do you want to drink it?Nowlet’smakeit,How do youmake an orangemilk shake?這樣能充分調動學生的積極性,讓學生盡情地說,使課堂氣氛一開始就活躍了起來,為下面的順利授課做了良好的鋪墊。
談論表演導入法就是以談話或者表演的形式導入新課,激發學生的表演欲和成就感。通過引導,使學生能明白老師的意圖,使下面的授課水到渠成。如在教學go for it八年級下冊第二單元What should I do?時,充分了解班級實際。當時班上有一名學生腿部受了傷,尚未完全恢復,我有意讓該生遲到,引起其他學生的注意,并用驚訝的目光望著,詢問他:“What’s the matter?”(上冊已學過),其他學生連忙用should,shouldn’t給他提建議,學會關心別人,幫助別人,而后用have來描述身體各部分的不適,逐步過渡到本單元所要求的語言目標。
提問導入法是指教師設計與新課相關的問題,讓學生回答,逐步引入新課的一種方式。所設計的問題一定是學生感興趣的人和事,從而來調動學生的積極性。例如,我在教學go for it八年級上冊第六單元I’m more outgoing than my sister時,選取了同學們熟知的趙本山、范偉兩位名人,故而設計問題:Do you know Zhao Benshan?How do you know?等,引出形容詞的比較級的句型。當然也可選用我們身邊的人和事來進行描述,只要學生熟知、特征明顯即可。
1 改變語法教學方式,讓語法活起來。
采用全新的、能激發學生興趣的語法教學方法,將語法教學與聽、說、讀、寫各項技能的培養融為一體,與語言的實際運用結合起來。如:新目標八年級上冊Unit 6 Section A Ia-Ic形容詞比較級的導入:可首先顯示一張全家照,讓學生仔細觀察、比較相片里人物的高、矮、胖、瘦,等等。然后讓學生聽老師介紹家人的情況:I’m tall,But my sister is taller than I,I have 8honhair,My brother has shorter hair than I,My fatheris thin,My mother is thinner than my father,Mysister is outgoting,I’m more outgoting than my sis-ter,讓學生找出不同點:tall―taller short―shorterIhin―thinner outgoing--more outgoing,再讓學生把自己的學習用品書、尺子、鋼筆、橡皮等進行比較,這樣就把形容詞比較級的語法激活了起來,深深的印在了學生的腦海里。開了個好頭,為后面的課文教學埋下了伏筆。
2 充分發揮學生的主體性。
教師應根據所教的語法項目的交際功能,創新教學方法,創設運用所教語法項目的情境,將語法教學與聽、說、讀、寫活動結合起來,將語法知識的學習與綜合技能訓練結合起來。這就要發揮學生的主體性,讓學生組成學習小組,根據教材內容,在教師的引導下圍繞某一個語法項目查閱資料,收集、篩選、分析、處理和運用各種信息;再通過小組成員之間的互動交流、互相啟發和互相學習,從而降低學生作為學習者的焦慮感,使學生成為學習的主人。
3 創設語言情境,活用語法知識。
《英語課程標準》對初中英語教學的要求體現為,以描述學生“能做某事”為主線。強調學生能用所學的語言做某事,在做事的過程中發展語言能力、思維能力、交流能力與合作能力。因此,設計真實的話題情境,話題與語法融合的課堂教學應該力求“動”、“活”、“化”的教學效果,既讓學生積極“動”起來,讓教學內容和過程“活”起來,讓語法知識真正內“化”為學生實際運用能力。如:新目標八年級上冊Unit10的語法一般將來時“be going to+動詞原形”我們可以這樣讓學生動起來:利用多媒體把各種職業生動地演示出來,讓學生挑選自己喜歡的職業,I’m going to be…when Igrow up,然后分成小組討論,交流。最后分給學生采訪任務,讓他們做為記者去采訪同學“What ayeyou going to be when you grow up?”再讓他們展示自己的采訪結果。這樣讓每個學生都積極參與了實踐活動,使語法知識得到了活學活用,收到了非常好的效果。
4 為學生提供使用語言的機會,鞏固語法知識。
課內采用任務型語言教學模式,課外經常開展一些英語故事會、英語晚會、英語朗誦比賽、英語小品表演等。
(1)分角色扮演。使學生身臨其境,同時強化情感體驗。
(2)運用事物表演。俗話說:“百聞不如一見?!睂嵨镎故荆刃蜗缶唧w又激發學生的興趣。
本文結合初中英語教學實踐以及筆者對初中英語課堂教學的觀察和反思,分析了初中英語課堂導入環節低效的原因,并提出了解決問題的對策。
[關鍵詞]課堂導入 課堂觀察 實效性
一、引言
課堂教學的實效性是課堂教學應該追求的永恒主題,如何落實課堂教學的有效性,受到了廣大英語教師的普遍關注。而在教學設計中,導入環節具有舉足輕重的地位。對于一堂英語課來說,教師如何組織導入,將會直接影響這堂課上學生的學習情緒和教學效果。本文根據筆者的教學實踐以及平時對初中英語課堂的觀察和反思,結合典型的教學案例,對初中英語課堂教學中導入環節低效的原因進行歸納分析,并提出解決問題的對策。
二、導入環節低效的原因及對策
1.導入的話題無法激發學生的興趣。
教育家赫爾巴特認為:教育應當貫穿于學生的興趣之中,興趣是每個人成才的起點,是每個學生主動學習、積極思考、探索事物底蘊的內在動力;課堂是教師激發學生學習興趣,提高學生參與,提高教學效率的重要場所。因此在與教學內容相結合的基礎上,教師所設計的導入活動應能激發學生的興趣和主動參與的熱情。如果教師設計的活動與學生的實際生活經驗、興趣愛好相差較遠,學生將難以進入情境,導入活動的實效性將大打折扣。
[案例1]一位教師在導入《新目標英語》八年級上冊Unit 10 IAm Going to Be a Basketball Player.時,設計了這樣一個情景。名人堂欄目向觀眾征集建議,下期節目將邀請哪位嘉賓,教師在大屏幕上呈現出第18屆中國十大杰出青年的照片、姓名及職業,學生兩人練習對話。
A:Who do you want tO invite?
B:1want tO invite a farmer called Li Chang-song?
[課堂觀察]看似新穎的設計,結果卻差強人意。當教師興高采烈地向同學們介紹“China Out.standing Youths in 2007",以及他們的職業時,由于對各行業的精英了解并不太多,面對陌生的頭像,學生沒有一點驚喜和興奮,反倒有些調皮的學生對照片中人物的容貌開始品頭論足。操練對話過程中,由于職業名詞已經顯示出來,學生也只是機械地做單詞替換練習,對新課內容沒有太多的期待。
[對策]英語課堂的導入環節本身就是一個激趣的環節。初中生具有活潑好動,好奇心強的特點,但并不是所有陌生的東西都能吸引學生。教師應盡量從學生的生活和實際經驗出發設計活動,在時間、空間和心理上盡量拉近和學生的距離,以期待獲得學生的情感共鳴。例如:在教學《新目標英語》八年級上冊Unit 11Could You Please Clean YourRoom?SectionA時,筆者首先展現了一些前幾周我校學生走進三鄉敬老院送溫暖活動時的照片,看著身邊熟悉的同學給老人疊被子,拖地,擦窗戶;倒垃圾,為老人梳頭,唱歌,講笑話;學生們一下子就七嘴八舌地議論開了,當我提問,“Whatcanyoudoforthe old people?”時,學生頭腦中相關知識很容易就被激活了,大家爭先恐后地說出了很多短語,比如:clean the window,wash clothes,sing songs for them,cut hair for the old people,talk with them等等。繼而我又引導學生學習新課中的短語,例如,take outthe trash,fold their clothes,sweep the floo.make thebed等等。在課堂導入中,結合學生了解的新聞時事、學生的家鄉和家庭的背景和學生自身的親身經歷和感受所設置的情境,較容易引起學生的注意和認識,使學生積極主動地投入學習,課堂效率也會隨之提高。
在案例l中,為了使任務能激發學生的熱情,如果選用一些學生熟知的名人圖片,如:姚明、周杰倫,效果則會更佳。此外,為了能高效復習詞匯,教師應采取先顯示圖片,再引導學生說出英文表達的方法,給予學生多一點思考的空間和在獨立個體記憶庫中搜索和提取信息的機會。
2.難易度把握不當,忽視了學生實際能力的差別。
前蘇聯教育學家、心理學家維果茨基在上世紀三十年代提出來“最近發展區”的教學概念。所謂“最近發展區”是指學生已經達到的解決問題的水平和借助他人幫助能達到的解決問題的水平之間的區域。教學必須符合學生的年齡特征,必須以學生的現有水平為基礎,但教學應當走在發展的前面,教學的首要任務是創設最近發展區。符合“最近發展區”的問題,既不會遠超出學生的能力,又具有一定的挑戰性,能在學生大腦中形成興奮點,促使學生最大限度地調動相關知識來積極探究。(周蓉,2009)然而,現在有很多教師對不同層次,不同性格特點的班級,常常采用相同的導入方法,這當然難以收到最佳的教學效果,而有時候,教師在同一個班級總是采用幾種老套的導入方法,學生倍感枯燥乏味。所以,導入環節的設計應具體問題具體分析,充分考慮學生的現有發展水平,切忌生搬硬套。
[案例2]一位教師在教授《新目標英語》八年級上冊Unit 10 IAm Going to Be a Basketball Player.Section A時,采用了復習法導入新課,呈現人物圖片,幫助學生復習職業名稱,再進入新學詞匯pilot,engineer,professionalbasketballplayer,computerpro-grammer。
[課堂觀察]這是一個英語基礎較好的班級,對于一些常見的職業名稱基本已經可以熟練運用,在教師呈現圖片復習詞匯,例如:doctor,nurse,teacher,danceL singer時,學生明顯已沒有任何熱情。逐一溫習這些單詞對于他們來說簡直就是浪費時間。因而,當老師提出“Whatdoeshe/shedo?”這種老掉牙的問題時,開口應答的同學寥寥無幾。
[對策]關于導入環節的設計,教師一定要充分利用學生的“最近發展區”,創設貼近學生思維和現有知識水平的情境,提出帶有一定難度、能激發學生潛能的問題。就像摘果子,學生輕易摘不到,但踮踮腳或努力跳一跳,也能夠得著。這樣的活動才是有效的。
筆者在導入這單元新課時,采用了歌曲導入法。以Darin的What I WannaBe導入。
(1)播放歌曲的第一段,
"Doctor, actor, lawyer or a singer
why not president, be a dreamer
you can be just the one you wanna be
police man, fire fighter or a post man
why not something like your old man
you can be just the one you wanna be
driver, actor, lawyer or a singer
why not president, be a dreamer
you can be just the one you watma be..."
(2)提問 "How many kinds of jobs are men-tioned in this song? What are they? " "What otherjobs do you know?"
這是一個富有挑戰性的任務。學生在欣賞美妙音樂的同時,還必須積極思考,用筆記下聽到的職業名稱,短短幾分鐘,學生的注意力一下子就轉移到課堂上來了。這首歌里提到的單詞大多是學生學過的,只要留心聽,聽懂并不難,因此在我向大家提問時,學生都很踴躍舉手回答。但還有lawyer和president兩個詞,只有少數課外知識豐富的學生才能應答,其他同學恍然大悟,想必對這兩個詞一定也印象深刻。最后在我引入新課中的職業名稱時,學生也聽得特別認真。顯然,這種方式比單純呈現圖片復習詞匯要有效得多,不但鍛煉和提高了學生的聽力,還大大激發了學生對新課主動的求知欲。
此外,由于現代信息技術手段的運用,很多時候,教師常播放真實情景的錄像資源,如廣告、電視節目、名人演講作為導入,這不僅吻合主題,又緊密聯系實際的資源,看似不錯,實際操作中卻收效甚微。其原因在于原版的英文廣告,或電視節目中,人物間的交流使用的是地道、自然、正常語速的英語,與初中生實際的聽力水平差距過大,學生聽不懂,也領略不到其間的精華所在,只能是走馬觀花地欣賞畫面而已,并不能增強課堂教學效果。
3.偏離重點,中心不明。
教師在設計導入活動時,應對主題內容做一個準確的定位,以具體的教學內容為依據;除了趣味性之外,也要具有一定的實用性;在內容上應該與本堂課有著緊密的聯系,盡可能多的滲透教學重點和難點,為新學內容的學習搭好階梯。如果教師只是單純從話題內容出發,為了“導入”而“導入新課”,不但影響導入環節設計的效果,甚至還會誤導學生。
[案例3]在教學《新目標英語》八年級上冊umt10 1Am UomgtoBeaHasketballPlayer.SectionAMyDreamJob的閱讀課時,筆者根據課文話題一my dream job,設計了這樣一個導入過程:
學生觀看動畫片《灌籃高手》中的一個視頻片段,回答教師提問:“Are you going to be a basketballplayer when you grow up?What’s your dreamjob?”
(2)學生用已學句型進行二人對話.
A:“What are you going tO be when you growup?”
B:“I amgoingtobe…”
然后,筆者進入新課的閱讀環節。
[課堂觀察]學生以pair work對話的形式復習在Section A學過的句型,操作起來相當順利。當進入新課后卻碰到了麻煩,一些基礎薄弱的學生在閱讀課文時由于生詞關未得到突破,閱讀速度較慢,針對閱讀設計的任務也完成得不夠理想。更別說對整個篇章結構的把握。
[對策]導入環節的設計應有一定的針對性,應建立在充分了解教材、教學內容及重難點的基礎之上。筆者課后反思,單單從標題內容就確立的導入方向是片面的、狹隘的,除了能引起學生興趣之外,并不能幫助學生化解學習的難點,實效性更是無從談起。因此,在另一個班上課時,筆者將導入設計做了如下改動:
(1)播放《灌籃高手》中的視頻片段。
(2)讓學生假設其是片中主角櫻木花道,借助圖片及一些句子提示,逐漸引導學生說出他將來的職業理想,以及整個實現的過程。這里采用的是圖片提示、全班齊答、老師適當補充和解釋的方式。
When I grow up, I am going to be a volleyballplayer.
First, I am going to join the school basketballteam and practice a lot. At the same time, I am goingto finish my high school.
Next, I am going to Brazil to learn how to play itwell.
Because I need a lot of money, I will fred a part-time job to save money.
Then I am traveling to have a lot of matches allover the world.
At last, I am very rich and I am going to retiresomewhere quiet and beautiful.
改進之后,原來存在的問題基本都解決了。由于對閱讀內容做了充分的鋪墊,學生大致了解了文章的主題、篇章結構和一些短語,課堂教學效果得到了很大提高。